Pythagoras of Samos was an important Greek philosopher, mathematician, geometer and theorist of music. He married the philosopher and scientist Theano. He is the foremost founder of Greek mathematics, he created a sufficient system for the science of celestial bodies that he consolidated with all the relevant numerical and geometric evidence and also he was the founder of an initiatory philosophical movement called Pythagorism or Pythagoreanism. Due to the fact that, most information was written by many centuries after his death, very little reliable information is known about him. He also influenced significantly philosophy and religious teaching at the end of the 6th century BC, he is often referred to as a great mathematician and scientist and is also known for the Pythagorean Theorem which has his name. He also taught the principle of Hubris and Nemesis and therefore invented the Pythagorean Cup. He had made a cup by applying the laws of physics in order to drink wine in moderation. There was a line until the cup should be filled. By adding one more drop, the mug was emptying all its content.

He was born in about 580 BC and the most predominant place of his birth is the island of Samos. He is also likely to have travelled long enough when he was young. Around 530 BC he moved to a Greek colony in southern Italy. Pythagoras‘ supporters followed the practices he developed and studied his philosophical theories. The meeting places of the Pythagoreans were burned and Pythagoras was forced to leave the city. He died in Metapontum of Italian Leucania at the age of 84 in 496 BC.

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